Articles

A Spoonful of Poison: Why the Martens Clause Is the Antidote to Pre-Conflict Cyber Mischief

by Samuel White and Daniel Harker ABSTRACT Pre-conflict data poisoning, whereby States covertly corrupt the training data of artificial intelligence and machine learning systems before hostilities arise, exposes a profound gap in international law. Operating below recognized thresholds of armed conflict...

Learned Deception in AI-Enabled Lethal Autonomous Weapons Systems

by Dora Vanda Velenczei Abstract: This article focuses on the intersection of international humanitarian law, the regulation of lethal autonomous weapons systems (LAWS), and the use of artificial intelligence (AI) in the military domain. The article’s main argument is that...

Introduction: Background and Overarching Themes

by Samuel White, Jonathan Kwik, Danielle Yeow, and Jon Truby

The Dragon’s Human Face: Wartime Implications of Traditional Chinese Minben Thought for Contemporary Laws of War.

by Kunyang Li and Zhuo Liang

Abstract: Traditional Chinese Minben thought profoundly shaped the philosophy of warfare in ancient China. Diverging from the nation-state and ethnic consciousness that characterized early European history, the ancient Chinese worldview regarded the...

Judicial Archives as Living Memory: Insights from the Extraordinary Chambers in the Courts of Cambodia

by Vikram Ramaswamy

Abstract: International criminal law scholarship has long treated the judicial archive as passive evidentiary storage. This paper argues that judicial archives should be reframed from “storage memory” to “living memory,” capable of contributing to post-conflict...

On the Digitization of Distinctive Emblems in International Humanitarian Law

by Lei Zhang and Hui Chen

Abstract: Currently, medical institutions and humanitarian organizations (MIHO) face severe digital threats in both peacetime and armed conflicts. To strengthen the identification and protection of MIHO’s digital assets, data, and services, the...

After the Algorithmic Battlefield: Artificial Intelligence in Post-Conflict Asia-Pacific Societies and the Fragmentation of International Humanitarian Protection

by Mx. Nandana Rajesh and Dr. Aneesh V. Pillai

Abstract: Armed conflicts increasingly leave behind algorithmic legacies, as artificial intelligence systems deployed during hostilities persist into post-conflict governance, reconstruction, and security practices. This article takes a close look...

International Humanitarian Law in the Asia-Pacific: History, State Practice, and Contemporary Challenges

by Dr. Bhavana Chandran, and Dr. Udaya Simha

Abstract: IHL scholarship has progressively moved beyond Eurocentric narratives into the analysis of regional contributions and practices. This article builds on such scholarship by outlining history and evolution of...

Environmental Obligations of Outer Space in Armed Conflicts: The Source, Interpretation and Compliance

by Xinyi PAN and Xidi CHEN

Abstract: Outer space’s environment is fragile and difficult to restore. The academia should conduct a comprehensive review of the environmental protection obligations of belligerents during armed conflicts in this domain. Although outer...

India’s Regulatory and Ethical Stance on Autonomous Weapon Systems

by Anviksha Pachori and Abhishek Bhati

Abstract: India has progressively integrated emerging technologies, particularly artificial intelligence (AI), autonomous weapon systems (AWS), and robotics into its military modernization agenda. Given India’s security needs and cross-border infiltration, a substantial number...